Camaro Wiki - User contributions [en]

GM Port Injection

2008-06-10T06:02:11Z

Imadude1134:

HISTORY OF GM PORT INJECTION

The first production TUNED PORT INJECTION (TPI) appeared on General Motors vehicles in 1985. The GM vehicles built with these systems were Corvette, Pontiac Firebird & Trans AM, and the Chevrolet Camaro. These systems according to the manufacturer rendered up to 30 % improvement in Horsepower, torque and economy over carbureted systems, Independent labratories conducted numerous test on the TPI systems and indicated these claims were conservative and that increases of up to 35% in these three areas are attainable.

The 350/5.7L engines from the factory went from 205 HP (1984 Corvette/ crossfire injection) to 245 HP with the addition of TPI. The only differences were the addition of the TPI (1985) and improvements in the valve train (1987). Note that this is a 20% improvement over another proven form of fuel injection.

Several modifications have been made to the TPI system introduced in 1985. The 1985 system used a GM Part #1226870 ECM and had a Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor and a MAFS module to control the power and burnoff functions for the MAFS. In 1986 two relays replaced the MAFS module and the Electronic Control Module (ECM) was changed to a GM part #1227165. In 1989 the cold start injector was deleted from the system. The primary injectors were used for cold starts via a fuel enrichment program in the newer EPROM calibrators. In 1990 GM introduced the speed density system. In essence the MAFS was replaced with a Manifold Air Pressure(MAP) Sensor. This system uses a ECM GM Part #1227727 for the Corvette.

Another fuel system was introduced in 1992 called Central Port Injection (CPI) and appeared first on the 4.3L (W) L35 Engine. This system is the equivalent of TPI for the V6 and will increase horsepower and torque by a factor of 20% over TBI. A 30 % increase in horsepower, torque and fuel economy is seen over carburetion.

The LT1 was also introduced in 92, as the basic engine in the Corvette. It appeared in the Firebird, Z28 (F Body Cars), Caprice, Buick and Cadillac in 93. 1993 was the last year for EPROM's in these cars. Opti-Spark also made its entry on the LT1 engine in 92.

In 94, OBDII or EEPROM, computers were first used in the Corvette and F Body Cars. This was the 1st year for Sequential port Injection in these cars.

In 96 the LT4 appeared in the manual trans Corvette, it is rated at 330 HP and 340 lb ft torque. It looks the same as the LT1, however the heads and valve train have been modified. The valves are larger 2.00 Int / 1.55 Exh from 1.94/1.50. Air passages are larger to enhance volumetric efficiency, hollow valve stems, aluminum roller rocker arms and stronger valve springs have also been added. The camshaft has more lift and a slight overlap at the end of the combustion cycle eliminating the need for EGR. The compression ratio is (Premium Gas Only) 10.8:1 compared to the 10.4:1 LT1. This engine makes 330HPat 5800 RPM and 330 lb ft Torque at 4500 RPM.

LT1's flowed 195 CFM compared to 240 CFM for the LT4

TBI

2008-06-10T05:53:50Z

Imadude1134:

Throttle body injection
Throttle-body injection (called TBI by General Motors) or single-point injection was introduced in the mid-1980s as a transition technology toward individual port injection. The TBI system injects fuel at the throttle body (the same location where a carburetor introduced fuel). The induction mixture passes through the intake runners like a carburetor system, and is thus labelled a "wet manifold system". The justification for the TBI/CFI phase was low cost. Many of the carburetor's supporting components could be reused such as the air cleaner, intake manifold, and fuel line routing. This postponed the redesign and tooling costs of these components. Most of these components were later redesigned for the next phase of fuel injection's evolution, which is individual port injection, commonly known as MPFI or "multi-point fuel injection". TBI was used extensively on American-made passenger cars and light trucks in the 1980 to 1995 timeframe and some transition-engined european cars throughout the early and mid 1990s.

This was available on the Camaro in the L03 305ci V8, and was also used on the "Iron Duke" L4

L98

2008-06-10T05:47:46Z

Imadude1134:

GM Engine code L98
Used in Camaro/Firebird from 1985-1992

The new 1985 L98 added tuned-port fuel injection "TPI", which produced 230 hp and 330 ft·lbf. It was standard on all 1985-1991 Corvettes (rated at 230-250 hp and 330-350ft·lbf torque). Optional on 87-92 Chevrolet Camaro & Pontiac Firebird models (rated at 225-245 hp and 330-345ft·lbf torque) 1987 versions had 10 hp and 15 ft·lbf more thanks to 9.5:1 compression. Compression was up again in 1991 to 10:1 but output stayed the same.

3rd gen engine options

2008-06-10T05:19:23Z

Imadude1134:

The 3rd generation of the Camaro ran from 1982 through 1992. It came with a variety of different engine options during its 10 year run.

*L98: 350ci V8 TPI
*LB9: 305ci V8 TPI
*L03: 305ci V8 TBI
*L69: 305ci V8 Carb (HO)
*LG4: 305ci V8 Carb
*LU5: 305ci V8 CFI
*LH0: 191ci V6 MPFI
*LB8: 173ci V6 MPFI
*LC1: 173ci V6 Carb
*LQ8: 151ci L4 Carb
*LQ9: 151ci L4 TBI (The Iron Duke)
*LC2: 231ci V6 SFI Turbo (Only available in Turbo Trans Am)

3rd gen engine options

2008-06-10T05:18:19Z

Imadude1134:

The 3rd generation of the Camaro ran from 1982 through 1992. It came with a variety of different engine options during its 10 year run.

-L98: 350ci V8 TPI
-LB9: 305ci V8 TPI
-L03: 305ci V8 TBI
-L69: 305ci V8 Carb (HO)
-LG4: 305ci V8 Carb
-LU5: 305ci V8 CFI
-LH0: 191ci V6 MPFI
-LB8: 173ci V6 MPFI
-LC1: 173ci V6 Carb
-LQ8: 151ci L4 Carb
-LQ9: 151ci L4 TBI (The Iron Duke)
-LC2: 231ci V6 SFI Turbo (Only available in Turbo Trans Am)

3rd gen engine options

2008-06-10T05:17:51Z

Imadude1134:

The 3rd generation of the Camaro ran from 1982 through 1992. It came with a variety of different engine options during its 10 year run.

-L98: 350ci V8 TPI 
-LB9: 305ci V8 TPI
-L03: 305ci V8 TBI
-L69: 305ci V8 Carb (HO)
-LG4: 305ci V8 Carb
-LU5: 305ci V8 CFI
-LH0: 191ci V6 MPFI
-LB8: 173ci V6 MPFI
-LC1: 173ci V6 Carb
-LQ8: 151ci L4 Carb
-LQ9: 151ci L4 TBI (The Iron Duke)
-LC2: 231ci V6 SFI Turbo (Only available in Turbo Trans Am)

3rd gen engine options

2008-06-10T05:16:35Z

Imadude1134: Engines Available in a 3rd Gen

The 3rd generation of the Camaro ran from 1982 through 1992. It came with a variety of different engine options during its 10 year run.

-L98: 350ci V8 TPI
-LB9: 305ci V8 TPI
-L03: 305ci V8 TBI
-L69: 305ci V8 Carb (HO)
-LG4: 305ci V8 Carb
-LU5: 305ci V8 CFI
-LH0: 191ci V6 MPFI
-LB8: 173ci V6 MPFI
-LC1: 173ci V6 Carb
-LQ8: 151ci L4 Carb
-LQ9: 151ci L4 TBI (The Iron Duke)
-LC2: 231ci V6 SFI Turbo (Only available in Turbo Trans Am)

GM F platform

2008-05-02T07:20:16Z

Imadude1134: /* Third Generation, 1982-1992 */

The '''F platform''', or '''F-body''', was [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]' small [[rear-wheel drive]] [[automobile platform]] from [[1967]] until [[2002]]. It was based partially on the [[GM X platform]], which was used for compact applications instead of the sporting intent of the F-Body. The only two vehicles to have been built using the F-Body platform are the [[Chevrolet Camaro]] and the [[Pontiac Firebird]]. The fourth character in the [[Vehicle Identification Number]] for an F-body car is "F".

==First Generation, 1967-1969==

[[Image:1968ChevroletCamaroZ28.jpg|250px]] [[Image:Pontiac_Firebird.jpg|248px]]

The first F-body cars were produced in 1967, as GM's response to the [[Ford Mustang]]. Camaro was to be named "Panther". Originally designed strictly as the platform for the Camaro, [[Pontiac]] engineers were given a short amount of time prior to the Camaro's release to produce a version that matched their corporate styling as well. Production of both cars were at 2 plants,Van Nuys CA and Norwood,OH. The F-Body was available as both a hardtop [[coupe]] and a cloth-top [[convertible]]. As was GM policy at the time, Chevrolet and Pontiac both installed their own engines; however, the engine lineups were similar. Both cars could be had with either division's base inline six-cylinder engine, a V8 engine of approximately 5.3 liters (327 in3 for Chevrolet, 326 in3 for Pontiac), or a larger V8 engine of approximately 6.6 liters (396 in3 for Chevrolet, 400 in3 for Pontiac). Due to delays with the design of the second-generation car, the 1969 models were produced longer than usual.

==Second Generation, 1970-1981==

[[Image:2nd-Chevrolet-Camaro.jpg|250px]] [[Image:'70-'81 Pontiac Firebird.jpg|285px]]

The second generation F-Body cars were actually released as '1970 1/2' cars, due to extensive delays in the design and production of the new body style. Both cars grew considerably, with fairly drastic changes in styling to match each brand's updated styling across the lineup. Both cars also received engine options in the 7.4 L range in the earlier years of the second generation - 454 in3 for Chevrolet, and 455 in3 for Pontiac. However, both of these engines would be discontinued as emissions and fuel-economy restrictions made their production costs prohibitive. Performance continued to decline through 1981, as power levels dropped and weight increased.

==Third Generation, 1982-1992==

[[Image:Camaro1.jpg|288px]] [[Image:Transam-wiki.jpg|250px]]

The third generation of the F-Body was introduced for 1982, as a major redesign with a more modern look and a lighter, better-handling car. In a move that would later happen across almost all GM models, the Firebird switched from Pontiac-designed engines to the same Chevrolet engines that powered the Camaro. This was also the only generation of F-Body to be available with a four-cylinder, the LQ9 [[Iron Duke (engine)|Iron Duke]]. Camaro news included a deal with Jay Signore and IROC to use the nameplate as the official car for the race series in 1985,a contract that ended Dec.31 1989.Camaro owners who wanted the wind in their hair could finally have a convertible(an option missing since 1969) in 1987,although Canadians had to wait a year until 1988 for ragtops.All convertibles started their life as a T-Top car and final installation was sub-contracted to ASC.The last Firebird to be built with an engine not available in the Camaro was the 1989 [[Pontiac Firebird#Third Generation|Turbo Trans Am]], which had a [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]] 3.8 L [[Buick]] V6, derived from the [[Buick Regal#1978|Buick Regal.]] Other Available engines were: L98, the TPI 350ci; LB9, the TPI 305ci; L03, the TBI 305ci; L69, the Carb (HO) 305ci; LG4, the carb (non HO) 305ci; LU5, the CFI (Crossfire) 305ci; LH0, the MPFI 191ci v6; LB8, the MPFI 173ci v6; LC1 carb 173ci v6; LQ8, the carb 151ci L4. Power was put to the ground through the TH-700R4 4 speed automatic or a T-5 5 speed Manual, with a variety of rear end ranging from 2.73 up to 3.73

==Fourth Generation, 1993-2002==
[[Image:2002ChevroletCamaroSS35-001.png|250px]] [[Image:3-29-04-1.jpg|250px]]

The fourth generation of F-body was released in 1993.The entire life-cycle of the 4th gen was produced at the GM plant in Ste. Therese,QC Canada, a first in the history of F-Bodies. It was an extensive revision to the third generation car, instead of a clean-sheet design. It was produced until the platform was canceled at the end of the 2002 model year. Unlike most of the years past, the engine choices were simplified considerably; each year, on both the Camaro and the Firebird, there was only one V6 and one V8 available. For 1993 to 1995, the V6 was the [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#3.4|3.4 L (208 in³) 60°]]; 1996-2002 cars received the 3.8L (231 in³) [[GM 3800 engine#Series II|3800 Series II]] V6. 1993-1997 V8 cars shipped with the [[Second Generation GM small block V8#LT1|5.7L (350 in³) LT1]], while 1998-2002 cars received the [[Third Generation GM small block V8|5.7L (346 in³) LS1]]. Both engines were available with the [[4L60E]] four-speed auotmatic transmission. V6 engines with a manual transmission had a Tremec T5 five-speed unit; the manual for V8 cars was the [[Borg-Warner T-56|T-56]] six-speed, manufactured by either Borg-Warner or Tremec. An optional [[Hurst Performance|Hurst]]-supplied shifter was also available on V8 models. There was no convertible for 93 but 1996 saw the return of the "SS" badge for Camaro and enjoyed a magazine-print frenzy with its' many cover sightings.

The F-Body has not had a direct replacement since production ceased in 2002; the closest would be the [[Pontiac GTO#Revival|modern Pontiac GTO]], though it is a larger and heavier car. GM has announced that the Camaro will return in 2009 as a 2010 model, most likely utilizing the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]] chassis. There are no plans to revive the Firebird nameplate, to the dismay of its fans.

[[Category:GM platforms|F]]
[[Category:Camaro]]

Appearances in Pop Culture

2008-05-02T06:57:32Z

Imadude1134:

* A 1979 Camaro is owned by Jefferson in ''[[Fast Times At Ridgemont High]]''. Spicoli takes it on a joyride with Jefferson's little brother, but loses control in the process and crashes.
* In ''[[2 Fast 2 Furious]]'', Brian [[Paul Walker]] races (and defeats) a 1969 [[Yenko Camaro]] on the street in a race "for pink slips".
* The 1985 [[Dead Milkmen]] song "Bitchin' Camaro" playfully discusses the car as a metaphor for freedom from responsibility
* In the movie ''[[At Close Range]]'', a 1969 Camaro is one of the cars that Brad Whitewood, Sr. [[Christopher Walken]] drives.
* In the movie ''[[A Walk to Remember]]'', Landon Carter (played by [[Shane West]]) runs from the police and crashes a 1967 SS in the beginning of the movie. Several scenes later in the movie show Carter working to repair the car.
* The Camaro is featured in the music video of the song "[[Shoulder Lean]]" by Young Dro.
* The vehicle mode of the character [[Bumblebee (Transformers)|Bumblebee]] in ''[[Transformers (2007 film)|Transformers]]'' is a 5th-generation Camaro.
* A '67 Camaro was used for Metallica's "I Disappear" video.
* A fourth generation Camaro is driven by Robert De Niro in the movie ''[[Heat (film)|Heat]]'' when he's going to flee.
* A Camaro is featured in the opening scene of the very first episode of The OC, in which Trey and Ryan are trying to steal one.
* A fourth generation Camaro police interceptor was driven by John Cena in the movie [[The Marine]]
* In the movie Pretty Woman, when Julia Roberts and Richard Gere are driving the Lotus, a 1968 Camaro convertible can be seen cruising alongside.
* In the movie Better Off Dead, John Cusack's character Lane Meyer restores and drives a black 1967 Camaro.
* Tragically,a 2nd gen Camaro dies in the video from Madonna, "What it feels like for a girl"
* Brad Pitt "borrows" a convertible 4th Gen ,parked at the airport,in Fight Club
* Dale Earnhardt Jr. proudly shows us his Intimidator SS during an episode of MTV Cribs (also owns an orange 2nd gen,and TBC,his sister,a 69 Pacecar)
* During many episodes of Seinfeld,a two-tone 3rd Gen is seen parked in front of Jerry's building
* In one of the last seasons of The X-Files,a 4th Gen convertible is driven away by the alien as Garbage's "I'm only happy when it rains" plays at the end
* Forza Challenge,aired on Speed,pitted a 69 against 5 other cars.
* EPMD's album cover for "Unfinished Business" boasts' a cool black IROC
* T.I. has a yellow 1st Gen in the video for "Top Back",but the real cameo comes from the silver concept Camaro,seen probably for the first time as product placement in the media
* The super-funny movie "Super Troopers" features a hugger orange 3rd Gen
* A classic song,written by Luc Plamondon and sung by Steve Fiset,hits the airwaves of Quebec radios,in the 70"s. "Les Chemins D'Ete" (The roads of Summertime) also known as "Dans ma Camaro" (In my Camaro) hears Steve sing "When summertime comes back,we both will take off in my blue Camaro,with the open sky"
* Enjoy the Pro-Street Black 69 that rips as the criminals escape from Jimmy Fallon in the opening scenes of "Taxi" (with Queen Latifah)...and the black 4th Gen that later dies as Jimmy demands traffic stop for his Police Emergency
* Seen rotting away in the tall grass on jackstands,was a 3rd Gen depicted in front of Nelson's house in The Simpsons (with props to Apu,who once owned a flaming chicken on-the-hood too)
* "Demolition Man" has a small cameo from the Red Camaro Prototype (aka The California Camaro)
* In the Canadian "Teen" Show, "Degrassi-The Next Generation", Paige borrows her brothers two-tone 3rd gen 'vert in the episode titled "I Want Candy"